Chemistry Lab Essay Example

Chemistry Lab Essay Example Chemistry Lab Essay Chemistry Lab Essay Physical and Chemical Change Objective: Recognize and distinguish between chemical and physical changes. Materials: lab balance lab burner 5 test tubes test tube rack test tube holder watch glass glass square microspatula dropper pipet mortar and pestle magnet insulating pad safety goggles lab apron or coat copper sulfate pentahydrate iron fillings sodium chloride hydrochloric acid silver nitarate sulfur Procedure: magnesium ribbon paper (5 cm x 10 cm) birthday candle matches 1. Place a small amount of wax from a birthday candle into a test tube. Heat gently ver a burner flame until the wax melts completely; then allow the sample to cool. Next, light the candle, secure it to a glass square, and allow it to burn until it extinguishes itself. Proceed with rest of the experiment while the candle burns. 2. Tear a piece of paper (about 5 cm x 10 cm) into small pieces. Set a watch glass on an insulating square and place the pieces of paper on the glass. Ignite the paper with a match and allow to burn. . Add a microspatula of NaCl (sodium chloride) to a small quantity of water (about 5mL) in a test tube. Shake the contents of the tube. Next, use a dropper to add 10 drops of 0. silver nitrate to the NaCl-water mixture. 4. Obtain a piece of magnesium ribbon about 5 cm long. Tear the ribbon into I-cm pieces. Place two of the pieces into a test tube and a few drops of 6 M HCI (hydrochloric acid). Caution: Use extreme care in handling this acid. It will cause severe bur ns if allowed to come in contact with the skin. Touch the bottom of the test tube with your fingertip. 5. Use a mortar and pestle to grind several crystals of CuS04 5H20 into a uniform powder. Place one microspatula of the powder into a test tube. Heat gently over a burner flame for 5 minutes. Allow the sample to cool and then add a few drops of ater. 6. Using a lab balance, measure out the following samples: ). 50 g of iron fillings and 0. 50 g of powdered sulfur. Test each sample with a magnet. Mix the two samples thoroughly in a test tube. Run the magnet along the bottom and sides of the test tube. Observations and Data: Procedures Description of what Happened Type of change Melting a wax test tube Wax turned to liquid Physical change (melting is a phase change) Melting a candle Melted down to nothing Chemical change (carbon dioxide was produced since candle was burned) Burning paper Turned to ashes Chemical change (carbon dioxide is produced) Mixed NaCl water. NaCl dissolved in water Physical change (homogenous mixture) AgN03 added to salt water mixture Mixture turned white Physical change (change in color) Water was added to test tube containing HCI Bubbling occurred and test tube heated up. Chemical; the bubbling meant that there was a production of a new substance which was hydrogen gas) Copper sulfate was heated Turned white Water was added to copper sulfate after it was heated Turned back to blue Physical change (color change) Iron fillings were mixed with sulfur Magnet was used to separate the iron fillings Physical change (mixtures can be separated physically) Iron and sulfur were heated Iron lost its conductivity. Physical change (conductivity is a physical property) When elements combine and form a compound they have different properties then when they exist in their elemental form. Conclusions and Questions 1. . Melting candle wax physical g. tearing Mg ribbon physical b. burning a candle chemical h. adding HCI to Mg c. tearing a paper physical i. grinding CuS04 5H20 physical d. burning paper chemical J. heating CuS04 5H20 chemical e. dissolving NaCl physical mixing Fe and S physical f. mixing NaCl and AgN03- l. heating a mixture of Fe and S chemical 2. Two possible indications that a chemical change has taken place are bubbling of a substance and burning of paper. For example, in the experiment when I poured Hydrochloric acid in a test tube and then one magnesium ribbon, the substances started to bubble. Other than that, when I took the wooden split and lit it, I burned the green paper and it changed brown around the edges of the paper. 3. The new substances that were formed as a result of chemical change were many. When I took the candle and lit it, it burnt and formed smoke. When I took the wooden split and lit the paper on fire, the color around the green paper changed to be brown, urnt and changed into ashes. Also, I poured Hydrochloric acid and magnesium ribbon in a test tube and it started bubbling and it heated up in the bottom. 4. The following examples do not always indicate chemical change. For example, change in color will always indicate chemical change because the color changes but it does not change the substances physical properties. The apparent loss in mass is a phase change; therefore the entire substance goes through a physical change. The apparent disappearance of a substance is a chemical change and will always be a hemical change because it might result of a soluble substance dissolving in a liquid and changes the entire substance in a chemical phase. . Substances in a mixture can be separated depending on the substances involved. You can use a magnet to separate a magnetic substance form a non-magnetic one, filtering, and evaporation. For example, when I put the iron fillings and powdered sulfur into a test tub, I used a magnet to separate the substances. Substances in a compound can be separated by distillation, evaporation, or condensation process because to separate the components will be dif ficult.

Holistic Medicine Essays - Alternative Medicine, Holism, Acupuncture

Holistic Medicine Essays - Alternative Medicine, Holism, Acupuncture Holistic Medicine In a lot of conditions, medical cures and treatments have proven more harmful than the disease itself. In looking for other options, people all over the world have been turning back to the holistic way of health and healing. Holistic medicine is the art and science of healing the WHOLE person, or in holistic terms, the mind body and spirit. The practice of holistic medicine integrates conventional and alternative therapies to prevent and treat diseases and promote optimal health. This condition of holistic health is defined as the ultimate free flow of life energy force throughout the mind, body, and spirit. As I mentioned before, three parts make up the whole person. Based on a common law of nature, whole parts are made up of independent parts. The body, which is treated and cared for through nutritional medicine, fitness medicine, and environmental medicine. The mind (mental and emotional health) which is basically behavioral medicine. The spirit is treated with spiritual attunement and social health. When one of these three parts isnt functioning correctly or is impaired for some reason, the other parts of the person are affected. For example, a person growing nervous or anxious about an upcoming exam can literally give themselves a headache or stomachache. Even Socrates, one of the greatest philosophers in history of time said in order for the whole of a person to be well, the individual parts must be well also. This can be achieved by many things. For example, acupuncture is used to identify and treat disease and improve well being. During acupuncture, needles are inserted into the meridian points of the body. Sickness occurs when the flow of blood or chi is blocked at these points. The pressure applied to these points relieves blockage and buildup thus leaving the patient feeling better. Acupuncture can treat anything from allergies, headaches, sinus infections, stress, insomnia and chronic pain. For those people who dont enjoy needles or wont tolerate needles at all there is colorpuncture. Colorpuncture is basically acupuncture without needles. Meditation is another accepted form of holistic health. Meditation is using different methods of relaxation to calm yourself and make you healthier inside. Candles, salves, oils and incense are all commonly used during meditation. Meditation is an accepted form of recovery and health promotion in the medical field. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is yet another form of holistic healing. This helps remove conflict and stress from your life and promote success and happiness. Reflexing and resetting is the vibrating and stimulation of the bodys reflexes. It is most commonly done through the feet and can help with sleep disorders. Biofeedback is recognizing and manipulating the bodys signals. It helps to treat migraines, panic attacks, anxiety, hypertension, and A.D.D. Some of the most common methods of holistic healing are resurfacing just about everywhere. Aromatherapy is therapy using scents to relax the mind, body, and soul. There is a line of products in Wal-Mart now called aromatherapy and even well known companies such as Delias manufacture aromatherapy pillows. Chiropractors are a readily accepted form of holistic treatment. Chiropractors manipulate the bodys muscles and bones to relieve pain and stress. Massage and is a big part of holistic life. There are deep tissue massages, Swedish massages etc All of which help muscular posture, balance, stress reduction, increase of circulation and energy flow. Nutrtiion is also an important part in a holistic lifestyle. Health food stores such as GNC are popping up everywhere. With nutritionists come herbalists who also deal with weight management and vitamins. There is holistic dentistry which is generally mercury free and has less exposure to x-rays and harmful chemicals. There is even Holistic Veterinary care which treats pets in the same way as humans. Pets said to be lost cases are sometimes revived by this form of veterinary care. Anything from arthritis, skin infections, and allergies can be cured. Feng Shui is not as common in the US yet. It is Chinese consultancy in arrangement of objects in the home or office to achieve harmony. It is said your outer world is a mirror of your inner world. Lots of water fountains are used. Spiritual Psychics, Astrologists, Child Birth, Tai Chi, Yoga, even health and beauty are all reviving to holistic methods. These different treatments all fall under

Case Study Analysis in Change Management. Whirlpool Essay

Case Study Analysis in Change Management. Whirlpool - Essay Example In the case of Whirlpool, Whitwam understood some important elements of the business as he worked as marketing director. He identified that how Whirlpool branded itself was the main key to survival and this was therefore the basis of the transformation that occurred in the company after he took over in 1987. The actual transformation that took place under Whitwam was connected to three main aspects of business: globalization, consumer satisfaction and competition. Change in these three components were necessary for several reasons. First of all, globalization was necessary because there was the need to maintain a healthy financial position to keep shareholders interested in investing in the company, thus it became necessary to find markets outside North America to sell Whirlpool productions. Secondly, consumer satisfaction was key to survival because there were numerous innovations that were needed at regular intervals to ensure that consumers maintained their interest in the company's products. Finally, there was the need to include important adjustments to ensure that Whirlpool maintained its market share in relation to its three major competitors in the United States and also capture more market share in the international markets. This therefore formed the basis of the transformation and change that occurred in the company. ... He identified that how Whirlpool branded itself was the main key to survival and this was therefore the basis of the transformation that occurred in the company after he took over in 1987. The actual transformation that took place under Whitwam was connected to three main aspects of business: globalization, consumer satisfaction and competition. Change in these three components were necessary for several reasons. First of all, globalization was necessary because there was the need to maintain a healthy financial position to keep shareholders interested in investing in the company, thus it became necessary to find markets outside North America to sell Whirlpool productions. Secondly, consumer satisfaction was key to survival because there were numerous innovations that were needed at regular intervals to ensure that consumers maintained their interest in the company's products. Finally, there was the need to include important adjustments to ensure that Whirlpool maintained its market share in relation to its three major competitors in the United States and also capture more market share in the international markets. This therefore formed the basis of the transformation and change that occurred in the company. This paper analyzes the various changes in Whirlpool in relation to several models in change management theory and practice. It uses these models to justify the change processes that Whirlpool went through and identifies the important factors relevant to these processes. The paper concludes with an attempt to recommend how the company can proceed into the future to ensure that the change management process attains the optimum results for Whirlpool. The Change Process According to Hayes, the change process in organizations

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

History - Essay Example Seven years later, Colonel Fairfax constructed a mansion situated on a high slope of land overlooking the river of Potomac in which he subsequently named Belvoir. At 16 years of age, George Washington stayed in Mount Vernon with his elder half brother and he became friends with George William Fairfax, the Colonel’s eldest son. He was a constant guest at the mansion in which the manor was developed and changed by George William and his wife Sally Cary into a center of culture and aristocratic elegance. Sixteen years after his father died in 1757, George William Fairfax and his wife rented out the manor as they went back home to England. The manor was rented for a decade where most part was destructed due to the War in 1812. The conflict continued and in 1814 the mansion was further destroyed by British cannons. In 1840, the Belvoir peninsula was bought by Philip Otterback family and made fisheries out of the Potomac River. In 1910, 1 500 acres of the land was sold to District o f Columbia where it was intended to be converted to a prison. The local citizens opposed to the project and for this reason, in 1912, the land was transferred to the war Department. In 1915, the land was named Camp Belvoir where engineer troops from Fort McNair, formerly called as Washington Barracks, conduct their trainings and became their rifle range. In 1917, the old name was changed to Camp A. A. Humphreys as a training camp for engineer troops for Word War I. The name was again changed to Fort Humphreys in 1922 and in 1935, post colonial era, it was permanently re-designated as Fort Belvoir. In 1938, the US government begins preparing for the possibility of being involved in enlarging world conflicts, at which time was the outbreak of World War II. In 1940, there was a massive influx of military trainees which prompted the government to purchase an additional 3 000 acres of land located north of U.S. Route 1. One training scheme is composed of an obstacle course which is a sim ulation of the field condition. With the war receding in 1945, activities of the Replacement Training Center and the Engineer Officer Candidate School were aborted and were not reactivated until 1950 with the Korean Conflict and in 1960 with Vietnam build up. During those times, distinguishable transformations in the manner of training programs were determined. From training, technology through research and development was incorporated in warfare. The transformation consisted of establishment of chemical/biological/radiological school on the North Post while a close combat range was formed south of the village of Accotink. The laboratories formulated and trialled new techniques for electrical power generation, camouflage and deception, methods of handling materials and fuel, bridging, and mine detection. Other experimentations also included portable map copying machines, fungicides for use in tropical environments, and heavy earth-moving equipment. One breakthrough in the field of r esearch and development is the construction of SM-1 (Stationary, Medium Power, and First Prototype) Nuclear Plant. This was intended to provide commercial electricity and decrease the Department of Defense’s dependency on fossil fuels. The SM-1 Plant was first used on 1957 and its operations lasted for 16 years. For 30 years, from 1950 to 1980, the expansion of Fort Belvoir was witnessed. The post became

Children and Young Peoples Workforce (QCF) Coursework

Children and Young Peoples Workforce (QCF) - Coursework Example A key worker system ensures that a practitioner who has been given the responsibility of looking after a number of children, therefore, develops in-depth knowledge about them based on continuous interaction and constant observation of the children. Loving and secure relationships with key carers and parents enable children to grow up to be strong and independent. Children will learn to deal with various circumstances with support from their parents and caregivers. Poor quality attachments have negative effects on the development of babies and children. It has been identified that all kinds of anti-social behaviors are as a result of poor quality attachments between children and their parents. Children who do not have stable childhoods and are not given full attention by their parents do not get opportunities for benefiting from the important learning that takes place in parent-child interactions. Continuous contact with parents and caregivers is therefore important in ensuring children grow up normally. This way, children will be able to form quality attachments to their parents and other individuals (Beaver, Brewster and Jones, 2001p 241). Parents and carers are encouraged to engage sensitively with babies and young children by giving them time to respond. Children and young babies learn best and effectively at their own pace. Parents are therefore encouraged to allow their children adequate time to follow and absorb their own interests. Children have their own time when they can learn, develop, explore as well as practice. Responsive care includes circumstances where the carer is responding to a child’s needs in a sensitive, consistent and prompt manner. Responses provided by the carer should be sensitive towards the needs and preferences of a child. Caregivers should attend to a child’s needs consistently. The carer should be able to respond and manage situations promptly so as to avoid delays.

Socioeconomic Status Essay Example for Free

Socioeconomic Status Essay There are a lot of studies surrounding ones status and its effects on ones psychology. I will be discussing what a Socioeconomic Status is defined to be, certain test and effects it can have on ones psychological being and also how it effects you in certain settings. I will break this down in to parts beginning with how it is defined, then I will move on to the effects and tests, and lastly I will explain how it effects people in certain settings. Socioeconomic Status is mostly defined as a combined measurement of the work experience of an individual’s or their family’s economic and social state in relation to others based on their income, their education, and their current occupation. It is usually broken down into three categories such as High Socioeconomic Status, Middle Socioeconomic Status, and Low Socioeconomic Status. These categories are used to describe the three areas where an individual or family may fall. In studies it is show that those that fall into the Low SES (socioeconomic status) category tend to show signs of mental illnesses such as respiratory viruses, coronary disease, and schizophrenia. Certain work environments may cause these. As it comes to the mental health some say that the mental health issues may be the reason why they are in the social status they are in all together. There have been tests that have shown that Socioeconomic Status could be a cause or lead to the development of dementia. Those with Low SES have shown to be more associated with a higher prevalence of dementia. They also show an increase in psychiatric comorbidity and a worse baseline of cognitive functioning. These test were based off the data of 217 patients seen in an Inner City Memory Disorder Clinic. They were analyzed with respect on demographic status, clinical status and SES. The results showed that there was a wide variation in the samples examined with respect to most measures of SES. About one-third (36%) had a diagnosis of dementia at an average age of 66. 1.  There was a strong association between their age, the range of individual annual income, their education, medical comorbidity, and a diagnosis of dementia. The increase in age and medical comorbidity were shown to be the strongest factor. The tests concluded that increased age, low education, high medical comorbidity and a low annual income are all associated with a diagnosis of dementia in an inner city setting. There are also other studies such as the socioeconomic status and its effect on health and the exposure and vulnerability to daily stressors. The study examines interconnections among education as an alternate for socioeconomic status-stress, and physical and mental health by being specific about differential exposure and vulnerability models using data according to The National Study of Daily Experiences. The daily diary data allowed assessment of the social distribution of a quantity of different types of stressors than had before been studied in sociological stress research of daily stressors. The data also allowed a less biased assessment of stress exposure and a more micro-level examination of the connections between stress and health by socioeconomic status. Consistent with the literature describing socioeconomic inequalities in physical and mental health, the results of this study indicated that on any day, the adults who were better educated reported fewer physical symptoms and less psychological distress. Even so that better-educated individuals reported more daily stressors, those with less of an education reported that stressors were more severe. Neither of the factors explained any socioeconomic differences in daily health, but the results clearly shown that the stressor-health association can’t be considered independent of socioeconomic status. Another study would be the study of the use of resources in hospitals and how your socioeconomic status affects the amount of use dubbing the title â€Å"Do the poor cost more? † In this study it pertains to the controversy about whether the poor hospitalized patients use more resources and whether ospitals that give care to the poor award payment help under a certain payment system. It has been reported that the patients with a low socioeconomic status with connective tissue disease tend to stay longer in the hospital and had higher cost to take care of rather than the patients of high socioeconomic status. In 1987, 16,908 out of 20,278 (83%) adult patients were interviewed consecutively in 5 Massachusetts hospitals to obtain information on the three measures of socioe conomic status I mentioned earlier. They divided each measure into three strata, creating 15 comparisons. After excluding and adjusting the findings were that the patients of the lower socioeconomic status had stayed 3 to 30 percent longer than those of high status. The hospitals charges were 1 to 18 percent high for the patients of a lower status. When adjusted for age and how severe the illness was the results showed that those patients of the lower socioeconomic status had longer stays in 14 of 14 comparisons and higher charges 13 to 15 in comparison. The findings suggest that the patients of lower socioeconomic status have longer stays and require more of the hospitals resources. Over the few studies I have covered its seems as if the socioeconomic status of an individual or family plays out in many ways in life. Those of the lower status seem to have more health problems and financial issues as well. So being said that socioeconomic status affects your health physically and mentally, as well as effects the financial struggle your set with. Those of a higher status are able to take more care of themselves so they tend to have fewer issues unlike those of the lower socioeconomic status. It affects a large percentage of the world. A majority of the world population is affected by a low socioeconomic status creative more vulnerability to diseases creating more stay time in hospitals and costing themselves more in the long run. As well as adding other studies to the many different effects of ones socioeconomic status producing results both positive and negative based on whether you are of lower status or a higher status.

Use of Logic in Monty Python and the holy grail :: essays research papers

Monty Python and the Holy Grail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Logic affects our lives everyday. We use it both subconsciously and consciously to make decisions which can be as important as our careers, or as insignificant as what to eat for lunch. Logic can also be used in other ways. Ironically, others’ bad logic can result in us learning something just as much as we learn from our own bad decisions. This is shown in Monty Python’s Quest for the Holy Grail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One example of this ironic use of logic is with the trial of the witch. In this trial, Monty Python uses deductive reasoning to conclude that the woman is a witch. By this, he is demonstrating how deductive reasoning is not always right. Just because wood burns like a witch and floats like a duck does not mean she is a witch. The conclusion that â€Å"if she weighs as much as a duck, she is a witch†, therefore, is entirely false. Her weight, at no moment, is a subject of the argument. It is just thrown into the argument, along with the duck and the wood, to make a connection between her and the duck. From this we learn that an argument cannot be won by randomly connecting points until you have proven yours.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another display of this ironic logic is with the Knights who say â€Å"Ni†. They are an example of a Red Herring Argument. They attempt to distract Arthur and his men from their original task with meaningless quests and tasks. Monty Python places the task of â€Å"cutting down the greatest tree with a herring† to ironically relate to this type of logic. It could have been anything else, but the herring was used to relate to this type. From this, we learn that there will often be many things in life to sidetrack us.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The greatest display of ironic logic in the movie was the rabbit outside the Cave of Caerbannog. This is an excellent example of deductive logic. Arthur and his knights assume that, since all the little white rabbits they have seen were harmless, that the one guarding the cave would also be harmless.